names of families that owned slaves in texas

In general, Texas slaves continued to work and live as they had before the war. Slavery formally ended in Texas after June 19, 1865 (Juneteenth), when Gen. Gordon Granger arrived at Galveston with occupying federal forces and announced emancipation. Marie Therese Metoyer was born into slavery but died a rich woman. CONTENT MAY BE COPYRIGHTED BY WIKITREE COMMUNITY MEMBERS. Marr. Although Estevanico was still enslaved, after these events the Spaniards treated him more as an equal. This was in the slave owners' self-interest, for marriage encouraged reproduction under socially acceptable conditions, and slave children were valuable. This entry belongs to the following Handbook Special Projects: We are a community-supported, non-profit organization and we humbly ask for your support because the careful and accurate recording of our history has never been more important. Because of their economic success, these planters represented the social ideal for many other Texans. Slavery certainly promoted development of the agricultural economy; it provided the labor for a 600 percent increase in cotton production during the 1850s. He A large supply of cheap Mexican labor in the area made the purchase and care of a slave too expensive. WebThe Neals, Foxes, and Timberlakes were all white families of at least moderate wealth that was dependent upon the forced labor of enslaved people. Medical care in antebellum Texas was woefully inadequate for Whites and Blacks alike, but slaves had a harder daily life and were therefore more likely to be injured or develop diseases that doctors could not treat (see HEALTH AND MEDICINE). Slavery was thus a constant source of tension in the lives of slaveholders. University of Texas (San Antonio). [34], Plantation enslaved people generally lived in one or two-room log cabins. Levi Anderson 1 13. On the other hand, the legislature created political segregation; it classified free residents with at least 1/8 African heritage (the equivalent to one great-grandparent) as a separate category, and abrogated their citizens' rights, prohibiting them from voting, owning property, testifying against whites in court, or intermarrying with whites. Texas 1867 Special Voter's Registration: includes information for 1867 - 1869. It was a decision that increased tensions with slave-holders among the Anglo-Americans. (F. Lewis/Archive Photos via Getty Images) W hen Americans think of the slave trade, they usually imagine ships pulling into East Coast harbors not Texan ones. Planters, for example, being generally satisfied with their lives as slaveholders, were largely unwilling to involve themselves in commerce and industry, even if there was a chance for greater profits. Berry says McConnells refusal to acknowledge his history was interesting. She says the senators family history may have come to light because of his opposition to legislation related to reparations for descendants of enslaved people. One way or another they had to endure. The Comanche indiscriminately killed enslaved people and their white owners during raids. Search for "FREEDMEN - TEXAS" in the Subjects search bar to find. It gives the county and location, a description of the house, the number of acres owned, and the number of cabins of former slaves. Alfred V. Davis, Concordia, Louisiana: 500+ slaves. After statehood, in antebellum Texas, slavery grew even more rapidly. Although not considered equals in the tribes, they were generally treated well. Since the U.S. government was not in effective control of many of these territories until later in the war, many of these people proclaimed to be free by the Emancipation Proclamation were still held in servitude until those areas came back under Union control. Profiles are placed in this category with this text [[Category:Texas, Slave Owners]] . This involves an absolute equality of personal rights and rights of property between former masters and slaves, and the connection heretofore existing between them becomes that between employer and hired labor. Many slave families, however, were disrupted. (re: Insurrection Scare in East Texas) "Smith County and Its Neighgors During the Slave Insurrection Panic of 1860," by Donald Eugene Reynolds, PhD (born 1931), Slavery in the Spanish New World colonies, outlawed the importation of enslaved people, National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, Supreme Court struck down Section 4(b) of the Voting Rights Act, History of African Americans in Dallas-Ft. Worth, History of African Americans in San Antonio, "Historical Census Statistics on Population Totals By Race, 1790 to 1990, and By Hispanic Origin, 1970 to 1990, For The United States, Regions, Divisions, and States", "U.S. appeals court allows Texas to implement voter ID law", "Updated: Texas voter ID law allows gun licenses, not Student ID's", "Someone did not do their due diligence: How an attempt to review Texas' voter rolls turned into a debacle", Texas Terror: the Slave Insurrection Panic of 1860 and the Secession of the Lower South, San Antonio de Bexar: A Community on New Spain's Northern Frontier, Lester G. Bugbee, "Slavery in early Texas", Foreign relations of the Republic of Texas, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History_of_slavery_in_Texas&oldid=1132265581, Articles with unsourced statements from December 2011, Articles with unsourced statements from June 2020, Articles with failed verification from June 2020, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0. Abraham Kuykendall 5 5. [11] Anglo-American immigration to the province slowed at this point, with settlers angry about the changing rules. The census for 1840 in Henderson County included 4,662 whites, 466 slaves, 35 free blacks. "The Texas Slave Insurrection of 1860," by William White. Brazoria County, for example, was 72 percent slave in 1860, while north central Texas, the area from Hunt County west to Jack and Palo Pinto counties and south to McLennan County, had fewer slaves than any other settled part of the state, except for Hispanic areas such as Cameron County. hb```f`` a B,@Q 2;8V31o``89N[5Qly$%Np s6,?d4/(qMT%GY &@J@LF!b.n;30g@, g`fgdE:%D,,,?Tgnvcz.8USc`~XL8;0hT]"t AMJ- See the Heritage Exchange Portal for more information on how to document slaves and slave owners. 4 History. Box 12446 [48], On some plantations, many enslaved people left immediately after hearing of the emancipation, even if their former owners offered to pay them wages. The slaves themselves, however, also insisted on family ties. Mario Marcel, "Foundation Myth in Political Thought: The Racial Moorings of Foundation Myth", Dubugue:Kendal Hunt Publishers,2011, This page was last edited on 8 January 2023, at 01:53. In 1865, 95% of the enslaved were illiterate.[39]. Samuel Murray 3 9. Most field hands received two sets of clothing twice each year, with a hat and coat for winter. Joseph Henry 8 3. All copyrighted materials included within the Handbook of Texas Online are in accordance with Title 17 U.S.C. Disputes over slavery did not constitute an immediate cause of the Texas Revolution, but the institution was always in the background as what the noted Texas historian Eugene C. Barker called a "dull, organic ache." The Mexican government was opposed to slavery, but even so, there Later they were joined by lvar Nez Cabeza de Vaca. The British newspaper The Guardian reported this week that Democratic presidential candidate, and former Texas Congressman Beto ORourke, and his wife Amy, are descendants of slave owners. Section 107 related to Copyright and Fair Use for Non-Profit educational institutions, which permits the Texas State Historical Association (TSHA), to utilize copyrighted materials to further scholarship, education, and inform the public. That year, Mexico made the importation of enslaved people illegal. Most worked as house servants or on farms on the edges of towns, but others served as cooks and waiters in hotels, as teamsters or boatmen, or as coachmen and skilled artisans, such as blacksmiths, carpenters, and barbers. [37] Urban enslaved people often had greater freedoms and opportunity. Although slave marriages and families had no legal protections, the majority of slaves were reared and lived day to day in a family setting. 4 Cotton plantations. Meredith Calhoun of Rapides, Louisiana: 709 slaves. In 1836 Texas had approximately 5,000 enslaved persons in a total population estimated at 38,470. 4 Cotton plantations. Millions of Texans have rare diseases. It is a tough history and its a hard history and its a history that many Americans are not comfortable with, Berry says. This page was last edited on 22 February 2023, at 11:16. On the other hand, the institution may well have contributed in several ways to retarding commercialization and industrialization. [20], Many enslaved people who escaped from slaveholders in Texas or in the United States joined various East Texas Indian tribes. Slaves were increasing faster than the population as a whole. Moreover, individuals with family ties were probably more easily controlled than those who had none. The slaves were owned by Julien Devereux and used to work an almost 11,000-acre plantation. Slaves in general did not lash out constantly against all the limits placed on them that would have brought intolerable punishment but they did not surrender totally to the system, either. Yet, they did not live every day in helpless rage. In part due to the trade in enslaved people, New Orleans was the fourth largest city in the US in 1840 and one of the wealthiest. The slaveholder hired William Barret Travis, a local lawyer, in an attempt to retrieve the men. [27] Other enslaved people joined the Texan forces, with some killed while fighting Mexican soldiers. MP for Horsham in 1808 and Sandwich (18121824). In rural areas, counties often set up patrols to enforce restrictions on enslaved people traveling without passes from planter owners. WebLists of Slave owners with names of slaves 781-----Edward, 660 Michael, 735 Adam, Andrew George, 425, 498, 533, 621 Guy, 498 Jack, 729 Lucy, 729 Peter, 533 Sam, 621 WebAn 1857 notice advertised the sale of two likely negroesa man named Strut and a woman named Rachel to be held at the courthouse door in Corsicana, Navarro County, Texas, to settle an estate. Moreover, once the revolution came, slavery was very much on the minds of those involved. Vol 3 contains contains mostly translated summaries documenting the Black experience in Texas. [41] See Underground Railroad South to Mexico. John Robinson of Madison, Mississippi: 550 slaves. [40] As early as 1836, Texas slaveholders sent representatives to Matamoros to try to reclaim their runaways, but Mexico refused. In the fall of 1835, a group of almost 100enslaved people staged an uprising along the Brazos River after they heard rumors of approaching Mexican troops. Dallas, Texas 75225-0446 Others hated their masters and their situation and rebelled by running away or using violence. WebTexas Slave Codes 1821. Every dollar helps. 25 percent. Family ties were a source of strength for people enduring bondage and a mark of their humanity, too. New Orleans was the center of this trade in the Deep South, but there were slave dealers in Galveston and Houston, too. O. J. Morgan, Carroll, Louisiana: 500+ slaves. Slave plantations were concentrated along the low-lying farmlands of East Texas. [24], In 1845 the state legislature passed legislation further restricting the rights of free blacks. The average price of a slave, regardless of age, sex, or condition, rose from approximately $400 in 1850 to nearly $800 by 1860. In 1860, the biggest slaveholders were Robert and D.G. [23] By 1836, there were approximately 5,000 enslaved people in Texas. endstream endobj 510 0 obj <. See also AGRICULTURE, AFRICAN AMERICANS, CIVIL WAR, RECONSTRUCTION, and SLAVE INSURRECTIONS. Democratic presidential candidate Beto O'Rourke holds a rally at Scholz Garten in Austin. [56] Those against this decision typically argue that it unfairly targets key Democratic constituencies such as minority groups and the elderly,[57] while proponents argue that the law's intention is to prevent voting by illegal immigrants.