which countries use the cyrillic alphabet

The Cyrillic alphabet was used in the then much bigger territory of Bulgaria (including most of today's Serbia), North Macedonia, Kosovo, Albania, Northern Greece (Macedonia region), Romania and Moldova, officially from 893. The archetypal 33 (or 32, depending on your view of the status of ) letter Cyrillic alphabet is actually AFAIK only used by Russian. The modern Cyrillic alphabet is used primarily in Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, Serbia, Montenegro, Macedonia, and Bulgaria. In Russia, Cyrillic was first written in the early Middle Ages in clear-cut, legible ustav (large letters). the lowercase italic Cyrillic , may look like Latin g, and , i.e. It has been used in Bulgaria (with modifications and exclusion of certain archaic letters via spelling reforms) continuously since then, superseding the previously used Glagolitic alphabet, which was also invented and used there before the Cyrillic script overtook its use as a written script for the Bulgarian language. The Cyrillic alphabet is a family of alphabets that are used for Slavic languages. Saints Naum and Clement, both of Ohrid and both among the disciples of Cyril and Methodius, are sometimes credited with having devised the Cyrillic alphabet. Glagolitic and Cyrillic were formalized by the Byzantine Saints Cyril and Methodius and their disciples, such as Saints Naum, Clement, Angelar, and Sava. The Cyrillic script came to dominate Glagolitic in the 12th century. Cyrillic is usually associated with Slavic languages like Russian and Bulgarian, and though the . The Cyrillic letters , , and are not used in native Mongolian words, but only for Russian or other loans ( may occur in native onomatopoeic words). The Rusyn Alphabet makes the Following Rules: The Cyrillic alphabet was originally developed in the First Bulgarian Empire during the 9th 10th century AD at the Preslav Literary School.[2][3]. They developed out of the dialects of Proto-Slavic. A Byzantine monk named Saint Cyril created the Cyrillic alphabet in around 683 AD. It was also transferred from Bulgaria and adopted by the East Slavic languages in Kievan Rus' and evolved into the Russian alphabet and the alphabets of many other Slavic (and later non-Slavic) languages. Cyrillic is used co-officially alongside the, The Montenegrin language, the official language of Montenegro, is written in Latin and Cyrillic, North Macedonia has two official languages, Macedonian, which is written in Cyrillic, and Albanian, written in Latin. Some letters may come from the same or similar-looking Greek letters, but after years of use and transformation, theyve come to represent different sounds in the Cyrillic and Latin alphabets. Thank you for your time and consideration. 1. Una de las mejores formas de aprender son los cursos de ruso y ucraniano en Duolingo! By 2025, five out of six Turkic-speaking countries will be using Latin alphabet. Later, some Slavs modified it and added/excluded letters from it to better suit the needs of their own language varieties. Turkmen, written 19401994 exclusively in Cyrillic, since 1994 officially in Roman, but in everyday communication Cyrillic is still used along with Roman script. The Cyrillic alphabet consists of 33 letters, including 21 consonants and 12 vowels. Prueba usar letras del cirlico para escribir tu nombre! The Cyrillic alphabet and Slavic literacy are traditionally celebrated on the feast day of Saints Cyril and Methodius, 11 May in Eastern Orthodox countries and 5 July in Roman Catholic countries. It, and by extension its descendants, differs from the East Slavic ones in that the alphabet has generally been simplified: Letters such as , , and , representing /ja/, /ju/, and /jo/ in Russian, respectively, have been removed. Uzbekistan still uses both systems, and Kazakhstan has officially begun a transition from Cyrillic to Latin (scheduled to be complete by 2025). 8 How is the Cyrillic alphabet different from the East Slavic alphabet? For those who are eager to learn the Cyrillic alphabet, knowledge of the Russian language can prove extremely handy, as the latter is drawn heavily from the former. Which countries in the EU use the Cyrillic alphabet? Here two of my favorites: Cyrillic can look daunting at first, especially when you see a lot of unfamiliar characters all at once, but dont be discouraged! I'm interested in learning how this process has been perceived by Ukrainians and whether there are any lessons that can be drawn from it. The Cyrillic letters , , , , , , and are not used in native Kazakh words, but only for Russian loans. Toma estas letras como ejemplo: Sin embargo, ten cuidado! This formed the creation of a new set of alphabets. The Serbian alphabet shows the following features: The Macedonian alphabet differs from Serbian in the following ways: The Montenegrin alphabet differs from Serbian in the following ways: Uralic languages using the Cyrillic script (currently or in the past) include: The Karelian language was written in the Cyrillic script in various forms until 1940 when publication in Karelian ceased in favor of Finnish, except for Tver Karelian, written in a Latin alphabet. Peoples of some Slavic countries and of the former Soviet Union and Mongolia. (Top is set in Georgia font, bottom in Odessa Script. Bulgaria is the birthplace of the Cyrillic alphabet, which was developed in Preslav and Ohrid Literary Schools during the tenth century. Belarusian and Ukrainian retain the pre-1918 letter I, which Russian dropped (there are other differences as well). It is also widely spread through out Uzbekistan. Your email address will not be published. West European typography culture was also adopted. In the early eighteenth century, under Peter the Great, the forms of letters were simplified and regularized, with some appropriate only to Greek . The Russian government has mandated that Cyrillic must be used for all public communications in all federal subjects of Russia, to promote closer ties across the federation. The Cyrillic script (/srlk/ sih-RIL-ik), Slavonic script or the Slavic script, is a writing system used for various languages across Eurasia. The Columbia Encyclopaedia, Sixth Edition. The Kazakh alphabet has existed in this form for 78 years. Over time, these were largely adopted in the other languages that use the script. If this seems too tricky, many computers have a phonetic keyboard option, so you dont have to remember where new sounds fit on your Latin-alphabet keyboard. Further unnecessary letters were expunged in 1918, leaving the alphabet as it is todaystill in use in many Slavic Orthodox countries. The letters also had numeric values, based not on Cyrillic alphabetical order, but inherited from the letters' Greek ancestors. Enter a Melbet promo code and get a generous bonus, An Insight into Coupons and a Secret Bonus, Organic Hacks to Tweak Audio Recording for Videos Production, Bring Back Life to Your Graphic Images- Used Best Graphic Design Software, New Google Update and Future of Interstitial Ads. Its adaptation to local languages produced a number of Cyrillic alphabets, discussed below. The name 'Cyrillic alphabet' honours the younger of the Cyril and Methodius brothers, born in Thessaloniki at the . The Cyrillic script was created during the First Bulgarian Empire. Cyrillic script spread throughout the East Slavic and some South Slavic territories, being adopted for writing local languages, such as Old East Slavic. The Cyrillic alphabet is used for the Chuvash language since the late 19th century, with some changes in 1938. For example: Other letters dont have a totally similar-looking Latin counterpart. The Mongolic languages include Khalkha (in Mongolia; Cyrillic is official since 1941, in practice from 1946), Buryat (around Lake Baikal; Cyrillic is used since the 1930s) and Kalmyk (northwest of the Caspian Sea; Cyrillic is used in various forms since the 1920-30s). Two candidate countries, Macedonia and Serbia, also use the Cyrillic alphabet. This table contains all the characters used. Each Cyrillic alphabetic character has a pair consisting of an uppercase letter and a lowercase letter. The name "Cyrillic" often confuses people who are not familiar with the script's history, because it does not identify a country of origin (in contrast to the "Greek alphabet"). It was officially approved in 1982 and started to be widely used by 1987.[7]. The following table shows the three main variations of the Cyrillic alphabet used in the Balkans: Bulgarian, Macedonian, and Serbian. Long vowels are indicated with double letters. Notes: Depending on fonts available, the Bulgarian row may appear identical to the Russian row. Which countries use Russian letters? Try using Cyrillic letters to write your name! A later updated Cyrillic was created in the 9th century for Orthodox Christian Slavic countries. However, over the course of the following millennium, Cyrillic adapted to changes in spoken language, developed regional variations to suit the features of national languages, and was subjected to academic reform and political decrees. The Cyrillic alphabet is, like the Roman alphabet (that you are reading . Male version is "" (looked it up in Wikipedia). Since the script was conceived and popularised by the followers of Cyril and Methodius, rather than by Cyril and Methodius themselves, its name denotes homage rather than authorship. A combination of Sh and Ch () is used where those familiar only with Russian and or Ukrainian would expect Shcha(). Pronunciation. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Sabemos que Boris recibi a los discpulos de Cirilo y Metodio en el Imperio blgaro para abrir escuelas literarias donde se usara el alfabeto glagoltico pero los registros son un poco borrosos. These solutions only enjoy partial support and may render with default glyphs in certain software configurations.[38]. Yes, it's Russian, but Russian isn't the only language to use this script. However, in some alphabets invented in the 19th century, such as Mari, Udmurt and Chuvash, umlauts and breves also were used. Among the general public, it is often called "the Russian alphabet," because Russian is the most popular and influential alphabet based on the script. In Bulgarian typography, many lowercase letterforms may more closely resemble the cursive forms on the one hand and Latin glyphs on the other hand, e.g. Of the quarter of a billion worldwide users of the general Cyrillic alphabet, nearly half of them live in Russia. Which Slavic languages use Cyrillic alphabet? Cyrillic alphabets used by Slavic languages can be divided into two categories: Before 1918, there were four extra letters in use: (replaced by ), ( "Fita", replaced by ), ( "Yat", replaced by ), and ( "Izhitsa", replaced by ); these were eliminated by reforms of Russian orthography. [42] Other Cyrillic alphabets include the Molodtsov alphabet for the Komi language and various alphabets for Caucasian languages. is used on rare occasions (only after a consonant [and] before the vowel ""), such as in the words '' (canyon), '' (driver), etc. "@Dokule @PopulismUpdates It is an artifact that a considerable amount of Slavic people have no relationship with so using the term disregards their situation completely as it disregards the situation of counties using the Cyrillic alphabet that aren't Slavic" Avar is a Caucasian language, spoken in the Republic of Dagestan, of the Russian Federation, where it is co-official together with other Caucasian languages like Dargwa, Lak, Lezgian and Tabassaran. [citation needed], A number of languages written in a Cyrillic alphabet have also been written in a Latin alphabet, such as Azerbaijani, Uzbek, Serbian and Romanian (in the Republic of Moldova until 1989, in the Danubian Principalities throughout the 19th century). The earliest literature written in Cyrillic was translations of parts of the Bible and various church texts. Cyrillic uppercase and lowercase letter forms are not as differentiated as in Latin typography. Cyrillic alphabets continue to be used in several Slavic (Russian, Ukrainian, Serbian, Bulgarian, Macedonian, Belarusian) and non-Slavic (Kazakh, Uzbek, Kyrgyz, Tajik, Azeri, Gagauz, Turkmen, Mongolian) languages. Used by more than 250 . Even in Serbia, where's the Cyrillic alphabet is the only official you can find newspapers printed in the Latin one. Unicode approximations are used in the faux row to ensure it can be rendered properly across all systems. Depending on the choices of the font manufacturer, they may either be automatically activated by the local variant locl feature for text tagged with an appropriate language code, or the author needs to opt-in by activating a stylistic set ss## or character variant cv## feature. Another good way to practice is by writing words in your first language with Cyrillic letters. [7][8][9] The script is named in honor of Saint Cyril. Northeast Caucasian languages are generally written using Cyrillic alphabets. The Slavic languages are a group of closely related languages spoken by over 300 million people in Europe, Asia, and the Americas. Therefore, Cyril found a unique way to solve this problem. They developed out of the dialects of Proto-Slavic. Cyrillic spread among other Slavic peoples, as well as among non-Slavic Vlachs. En cualquiera de estos cursos, puedes empezar por nuestra funcionalidad de Bingo para familiarizarte con las letras y reconocer los falsos amigos y los caracteres menos familiares derivados del griego y del glagoltico. Si poda encontrar un nuevo alfabeto para los idiomas eslavos, Boris podra hacer traducir los textos religiosos y los blgaros podran practicar el cristianismo en su lengua nativa. You might notice that several Cyrillic letters look and sound extremely similar to letters in the Latin alphabet. Click Here to see full-size tableAs the Slavic languages were richer in sounds than Greek, 43 letters were originally provided to represent them; the added letters were modifications or combinations of Greek letters or (in the case of the Cyrillic letters for ts, sh, and ch) were based on Hebrew. Por ejemplo, algunos idiomas eslavos como el checo, el eslovaco y el polaco usan el alfabeto latino, mientras que otros idiomas no eslavos como el tayiko, el trtaro y el mongol usan el alfabeto cirlico. If you can't find any email from us, note that it might have been ended up in your spam folder. It is called " " ('small er'). Also known as "Saints Cyril and Methodius Day" or "Slavonic Literature and Culture Day," the day celebrates the Cyrillic script's cultural legacy and heritage. How many countries use the Cyrillic alphabet? Cyrillic fonts, as well as Latin ones, have roman and italic types (practically all popular modern fonts include parallel sets of Latin and Cyrillic letters, where many glyphs, uppercase as well as lowercase, are shared by both). It only stands next to Latin and the Greek scripts as the important official scripts in the European Union. The name of this alphabet is derived from St.Cyril, who with his brother St.Methodius lead the conversion of the Slavic peoples in the 9th century. No est del todo claro quin procedi en la creacin del alfabeto cirlico, pero s sabemos que surgi de estas escuelas literarias, donde tom mucho del griego para la creacin de letras y del glagoltico para sonidos especficamente eslavos. In 2017, Kazakhstan announced the transition to Latin. Si quieres dar un paso ms, puedes aadir calcomanas de letras cirlicas a tu teclado para practicar mientras escribes. 24/05/2021. Russian (Russian alphabet), Ukrainian (Ukrainian alphabet), Belarusian (Belarusian alphabet), Bulgarian (Bulgarian alphabet), Serbian (Serbian alphabet), Macedonian (Macedonian alphabet). Conventionally, Slavic language is divided into three branches, based on geographical and genealogical principles and extralinguistic features. An alphabet is a standardized set of basic written graphemes (called letters) representing phonemes, units of sounds that distinguish words, of certain spoken languages. [8] Since the beginning of the 1990s Mongolia has been making attempts to extend the rather limited use of Mongol script and the most recent National Plan for Mongol Script aims to bring its use to the same level as Cyrillic by 2025 and maintain a dual-script system (digraphia).[9]. The Cyrillic script currently used for Kazakh has 42 symbols (33 derived from the Russian alphabet plus nine for additional Kazakh sounds). Tatar has used Cyrillic since 1939, but the Russian Orthodox Tatar community has used Cyrillic since the 19th century. What is the Cyrillic alphabet? Slavic languages, also called Slavonic languages, group of Indo-European languages spoken in most of eastern Europe, much of the Balkans, parts of central Europe, and the northern part of Asia. Contribute to chinapedia/wikipedia.en development by creating an account on GitHub. The Catholic-Orthodox schism more or less split the country in two: Slovenia and Croatia traditionally used the Latin alphabet, whilst Serbia, Montenegro and Macedonia used Cyrillic script. Many of the letters look very similar to those of Latin alphabets, like A, E, K, M, O, and T. However, some may have a different sound. Por ejemplo: Otras letras no tienen una contraparte idntica en latn. The new script became the basis of alphabets used in various languages in Orthodox Church-dominated Eastern Europe, both Slavic and non-Slavic languages (such as Romanian, until the 1860s). Tal como en espaol tenemos la y en el francs aparece la , algunos smbolos del cirlico aparecen en los alfabetos de algunos idiomas pero en otros no. The current form of the Cyrillic Alphabet saw first use in 1708 during Peter the Great of Russia's reign. In 2018, a law was drafted with the intent to protect Cyrillic and elevate it over Latin as the only official script. It was first developed on the initiative of Czar Simon the Great of Bulgaria. Bringhurst (2002) writes "in Cyrillic, the difference between normal lower case and small caps is more subtle than it is in the Latin or Greek alphabets, Learn how and when to remove this template message, IPA Brackets and transcription delimiters, accession of Bulgaria to the European Union, International Organization for Standardization, Keyboard layouts for non-Latin alphabetic scripts, "Cyrillic, the third official alphabet of the EU, was created by a truly multilingual European", "The Orthodox Church in the Byzantine Empire". Among others, Cyrillic is the standard script for writing the following languages: The Cyrillic script has also been used for languages of Alaska,[41] Slavic Europe (except for Western Slavic and some Southern Slavic), the Caucasus, the languages of Idel-Ural, Siberia, and the Russian Far East. Certain letters are handwritten differently, Between Ze ( ) and I ( ) is the letter Dze ( ), which looks like the Latin letter S and represents, Dje ( ) is replaced by Gje ( ), which represents, Tshe ( ) is replaced by Kje ( ), which represents, Lje ( ) often represents the consonant cluster. What is more, this alphabet is the sole official script across the EUs eastern border, in Belarus, the Russian Federation and Ukraine. However, a closer look reveals that it is a mishmash of several popular words and sounds derived from Greek, Hebrew, and the old Latin. Each letter has an assigned sound and a name. Hence expressions such as " is the tenth Cyrillic letter" typically refer to the order of the Church Slavonic alphabet; not every Cyrillic alphabet uses every letter available in the script. Today there are 12 Slavic languages: Belarusian, Russian, Ukrainian, Czech, Lower Sorbian, Upper Sorbian, Polish, Slovak, Slovenian, Bulgarian, Macedonian, and Serbo-Croatian. All these alphabets, and other ones (Abaza, Adyghe, Chechen, Ingush, Kabardian) have an extra sign: palochka (), which gives voiceless occlusive consonants its particular ejective sound. As of 2011, around 252 million people in .

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