In fact, the number of Latino physicians dramatically lags behind Latino population growth; and, according to cross-cultural health care expert Larry Purnell, Latinos are the most underrepresented major minority group in the entire U.S. health care workforce.5 This discrepancy contributes to many different linguistic and cultural hurdles for Latino patients, as well as for their health care providers. The LEARN technique can facilitate cross-cultural interviews. Bilingual posters and medical literature are an important starting point. A total of 31.2% received care from health care professionals assigned to ETC participation, and 33.6% had Medicare fee-for-service . The U.S. Latino population is also quite young relative to the general U.S. population; in 2007, the median age for the former was 27.6, compared to 36.6 for the latter.2. Recent immigration trends have contributed heavily to the increases in the U.S. Latino population. Our Health. Hispanic Ethnicity and Breast Cancer: Disaggregating Surgical Abdominal pain may be attributed to empacho, or food stuck in the intestine. As with any patient, Latinos should be treated as individuals first, while exploring possible cultural distinctions. . The Impact of Expansion on Chinese Immigrants and Hispanic Citizens Additionally, within this family-centric decision making structure, there may be particular gender-based roles. Mexican Americans with hypertension are less likely to be treated than non-Latino whites (35 versus 49 percent). Prayer was reported as helping to reduce stress and anxiety. The cases and reflections illustrate the kinds of challenges patients and health care professionals face when they come from different cultures and speak different languages. Nevertheless, Hispanic Americans are very heterogeneous in the circumstances of their migration and in other characteristics. 1Elizabeth M. Grieco and Rachel C. Cassidy, "Overview of Race and Hispanic Origin 2000," Census 2000 Brief, U.S. Census Bureau, March 2001. Thus, when working with diverse populations in the United States . Rue for earache. Latino Culture: Natural Medicines & Alternative Treatments Methods: Data from the National Mental Health Services Survey conducted in 2014 (N=13,015 facilities) and 2019 (N=12,345 facilities) were used to measure changes in the proportions of facilities that offered treatment in Spanish overall and by year, state, and proportion of Hispanic residents. Importantly, many Latinos themselves prefer the latter term, since it avoids reference to the more recent European colonial powers (from "Hispania," or the Iberian Peninsula) that laid claim to Latin America in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. Most Latino immigrants have received the BCG vaccine; although past practice has been to interpret skin test results without regard to BCG status, false-positive tests in this population are common. This content is owned by the AAFP. A wide array of herbs offered at La Botanica Orquida in northeast Georgia. needs and experience of less acculturated Latino clients who are mostly from Mexico and Central America, and represent a large segment of the Latino community in Southern California. US Hispanics, currently the largest minority group in the country, face disparities in the recognition and treatment of major depression. 15 supp. A child's failure to thrive may be attributed to mal de ojo (evil eye), a hex conveyed by an envious glance. Your efforts pay off at the next visit, when Maria expresses much more interest in controlling her diabetes and shows personal warmth that was missing from earlier encounters. Opioid and Illicit Drug Use Among the Hispanic/Latino Populations Plants are used on their own, or mixed together to form herbal remedies. Using don or doa with the given or full name indicates even greater respect for older patients. Hayes-Bautista relayed that one important theme presented in the collaborative workshops is how . 11Jennifer Aguayo et. Emotional distress often presents with headaches (dolor de cabeza) or other physical symptoms instead of depressed mood.9 Consequently, a high index of suspicion is needed to recognize adjustment reactions or depression. Modern Mexicans turn to old ways of childbirth. A large selection of herbal teas are available from botanicas or yerberas in most Latino neighborhoods. Compared to White people, Hispanic/Latino people are less likely to receive treatment for depression, anxiety, and other behavioral problems. Exposure to U.S. media is changing traditional Latino perceptions of health, diet, and body image, even as non-Latino Americans are influenced by Mexican cuisine and culture. Downward National Trends in Mental Health Treatment Offered in Spanish In Santa Clara County the figure is 25.7 percent-over a quarter of the total population. It is important to explore the use of alternative therapies and belief in traditional folk illnesses, recognizing that health beliefs are dependent on education, socioeconomic status, and degree of acculturation. Other health problems include stress, neurocysticercosis, and tuberculosis. For instance, 2002 estimates of life expectancy for Latinos was 77.2/83.7 years (male/female) compared to 68.4/75.1 for African-Americans and 74.7/80.1 for non-Hispanic whites.3 Latinos are less likely than non-Hispanic whites and African-Americans to suffer from heart disease (which is nevertheless the leading cause of death in all three groups). Identifying Eating Disorders in Latinas - The Society for the Hypertension in Hispanics/Latinos: Epidemiology and Considerations for 1 (Sept. 2007). She might also stop giving her infant vitamins, because they are a hot therapy.24 It is often possible to safely accommodate conventional and alternative treatments (in reasonable doses) if potential conflicts or interactions are identified in advance. Compared with non-Latino whites, Mexican Americans have up to a three times higher incidence of diabetes mellitus and a three times higher prevalence of obesity, but hypertension-related mortality is only 4 percent higher (not a significant difference). Association of the End-Stage Renal Disease Treatment Choices Payment New Drugs For Treating Fatty Liver Disease And Cirrhosis The cultural value of modestia (modesty), which is related to respect, is often neglected.27 Latinos may be conservative in this area, and physical exposure should be negotiated as the examination warrants. Latino millennials were also more likely to have already had a conversation about end-of-life care with a family member, a finding that aligns with the norms of outward expression of death and . All Rights Reserved. During Maria's next visit, you arrange for a telephone interpreter, which enables you to take a brief social history. These broad generalizations are just that: broad generalizations. First-generation immigrants are likely to seek out curanderos, whereas their children may scoff at the idea. Oregano tea for coughs. "The Egg" in the Twenty-First Century: A Family's Holistic Healing and Physicians must be sensitive to Latino cultural values of simpatia (kindness), personalismo (relationship), respeto (respect), and modestia (modesty). In spite of the large and rapidly increasing size of the U.S. Latino population, there has been no corresponding influx of Latinos working in the U.S. health care system. Medical practices and hospitals should strive to create an environment that is warm and welcoming to Latino patients. For Authors For Reviewers For Editors For Librarians For Publishers For Societies For Conference Organizers. The National Standards for Culturally and Linguistically Appropriate Services address these concerns with recommendations for culturally competent care, language services, and organizational support. Mexico's rate of C-sections is 30 percent above the rate recommended by the World Health Organization. However, as gold rush fever swept the country, Chinese immigrants, too, were attracted to the notion of quick fortunes. Although most Latinos living in the U.S. do speak at least some English, 60 percent of Latino adults speak primarily Spanish at home.6 According to the U.S. Census, more than half of U.S. Latino residents age 5 and older speak English "very well," but a nevertheless significant number of Latino adults speak English "not well" or "not at all. Neurocysticercosis is the most common cause of seizures in Latino immigrants. One exception is the Methods for the Epidemiology of Child and Adolescent . Margaret E. "Group Methods and . She says that she does not feel better when taking the medicine, and says the diet you prescribed does not include tortillas or any of the foods she likes. Topics. Objective Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer death among Hispanic women. By the year 2050 that figure is expected to rise to 24 percent of the total U.S. population. Again, it is imperative to stress that these values represent broad generalizations that may or may not apply to any individual patient or in any given situation. Hispanic and Latino are often used interchangeably though they actually mean two different things. Trauma-Focused CBT is one of the most effective types of treatment for a trauma-based disorder, particularly in adolescents and children. In this article I will make use of both terms, relying more heavily, however, on "Latino. Find treatment facilities confidentially and anonymously, 24/7, National Helpline1-800-662-HELP (4357) Intense but brief release of emotion thought to be caused by family conflict or anger, No immediate treatment other than calming the patient, Childhood condition characterized by irritability and diarrhea thought to be caused by abrupt withdrawal from the mother's breast, Holding the child upside down or applying gentle pressure to the hard palate, Constipation, cramps, or vomiting thought to be caused by overeating, Abdominal massage and herbal purgative teas; an egg passed over the abdomen supposedly sticks to the affected area, Steam inhalation and herbal treatments, including eucalyptus and mullein (gordolobo), Pelvic congestion and decreased libido thought to be caused by insufficient rest after childbirth, Cold air that is thought to cause respiratory infections and earaches, Steam baths, hot compresses, stimulating herbal teas, A hex cast on children, sometimes unconsciously, that is thought to be caused by the admiring gaze of someone more powerful, The hex can be broken if the person responsible for the hex touches the child, or if a healer passes an egg over the child's body; the egg is then broken into a bowl of water and placed under the child's bed; child may wear charms for protection, Unnatural illness that is not easily explained, Temporary paralysis of the face or limbs, often thought to be caused by a sudden hot-cold imbalance, Posttraumatic illness (e.g., shock, insomnia, depression, anxiety), Barrida ritual purification ceremony (herbs used to sweep patient's body) repeated until the patient improves, Eaten to alleviate hypertension and prevent arteriosclerosis; garlic juice is applied to stings and spider bites, Anticoagulant effect at high doses; avoid high doses in patients taking coumadin (Warfarin); high doses can cause heartburn and bad breath; reduces effectiveness of saquinavir (Invirase), Boiled flowers are used externally on bruises, For topical and homeopathic use only; avoid internal use (except for homeopathic preparations, which are considered safe); increased gastroenteritis and dyspnea risk with ingestion, Hepatotoxicity risk from pyrrolizidine alkaloids (in leaves) with high or prolonged doses, Spice used as antispasmodic and for upper respiratory infections; although promoted as a hypoglycemic agent, recent research is conflicting, Use with caution in patients taking hepatotoxic drugs; safe in usual food quantities, Cilantro (cilantro [leaf] or coriander [seed]), Tea used for anxiety, stomach cramps, and inflamed gums; more recently popularized for increasing the urinary excretion of heavy metals, No safety concerns, although there have been recalls because of salmonella and pesticide contamination, Oil used topically for toothache and bad breath, Eugenol in clove oil may affect blood clotting; toxic if ingested, especially in children, Tea or syrup used as an expectorant, a diuretic, and for constipation, liver problems, and gall stones; also used to induce menstruation, High doses may cause vomiting; avoid in pregnancy; no known interactions, Leaf tea used for anxiety and lethargy, most popular as an aphrodisiac, Theoretical concern of cyanogenic glycoside toxicity with higher doses, Tea used for intestinal parasites; herb is added to beans to prevent flatulence, Chenopodium oil is also used as an antihelmintic but may be toxic (ascaridole content), Tea used for upset stomach and menstrual cramps, and to prevent diarrhea, Long-term ingestion causes absinthism (trembling, vertigo, thirst, delirium); thujone in the essential oil is neurotoxic and may cause seizures, Boiled leaves used for asthma in vaporizers; popular in lozenges for sore throat; also sometimes used as topical disinfectant, Ingesting eucalyptus oil may cause vomiting, diarrhea, delirium, and convulsions; avoid using in vaporizers for children younger than six years, Tea used to treat cough and sore throat; one study reports use for otitis, No known safety concerns (insufficient data) or drug interactions, High doses may cause anticoagulant effects and excess gas or bloating, Fruit juice used for fever, upper respiratory infection (classic cooling herb), and hypertension, Weed leaf used externally for burns, bruises, mouth sores, and hemorrhoids; tea taken orally for respiratory infections, Eaten as part of diet; has antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, and laxative properties; also used as hangover treatment and for hyperlipidemia, May inhibit drug absorption; excess consumption may cause diarrhea and nausea, Leaf tea used to treat cough, indigestion, and, Safe in small quantities in food, but contains monoterpene ketones, which can cause toxicity (intestinal irritation, kidney damage, abortion, seizures), Toxic herb used to induce menstruation and abort fetuses, Toxic; avoid oral use; may cause renal and hepatic damage; furocoumarins can cause skin photosensitivity, Tea from dried flowers used to relieve cough, Yerba buena (mints, including spearmint and, Mint tea relieves upset stomach and headaches, Safe in usual quantities, but spearmint oil is a mucous membrane irritant and potentially toxic when ingested, Topical use for burns; occasionally ingested, Safe for topical use; juice is relatively safe; ingestion of aloe resin (a purgative) may cause diarrhea, hypoglycemia, hypokalemia, and prolonged bleeding; potential interactions with hypoglycemics and cardiac glycosides, Safe as a food seasoning, toxic alveolitis reported from inhaling lemongrass oil, A Physician's Practical Guide to Culturally Competent Care, Hispanic Center of Excellence (Baylor College of Medicine and University of Texas-Pan American), Language Line Services (interpreter services), Office of Minority Health: Cultural Competency, Office of Minority Health: National Standards for Culturally and Linguistically Appropriate Services (CLAS), Oregon Health & Science University: Spanish education handouts for clinicians, Tool for Assessing Cultural Competence Training (TACCT) Resource Guide, Transcultural Nursing: Diversity in Health and Illness, University of Washington Medical Center: Culture Clues tip sheets.
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