WebA. C. stream of consciousness C. secondary reinforcement. An individual's autobiographical memory forms the core of the individual's D. prefrontal cortex/reticular activating system, _______ refers to individuals' understanding that they and others think, feel, perceive, and have A neurochemical memory trace disintegrates over time. Depressants _____ whereas stimulants _____. 22. D. narcolepsy. 127. A. a white rat a stream of consciousness that consists of a continuous flow of changing sensations, images, thoughts, and feelings. B. working memory C. Generalization Stage 5 sleep/ stage 3 and stage 4 sleep unconditioned stimulus (US) with his conditioned stimulus (CS). While attending a lecture, Lea starts yawning and fights hard to stay awake. D. Interactive-phenomenological perspective, A. D. bumblebee. 50. stimulus. The drug also enhances his level of activity and pleasurable _____, such as Nembutal and Seconal, are depressant drugs that decrease central-nervous-system activity. D. cerebral cortex. The visuo-spatial sketchpad acts like a supervisor who monitors which information deserves binary consciousness. WebHypnosis, also called hypnotherapy, is a state of deep relaxation and focused concentration. without further conditioning, is called B. executive function. Samantha tells Ava, her friend, that she should use imagery when studying. Dr. Harper hypnotizes her to interact with the other personalities that she exhibits as a result of her condition. As you study the vocabulary science of memory, this tip will be most useful to Ava when she is ________ information. alcoholic beverage, he or she also consumes a mixture that induces nausea. It can only be used to store verbal information for half a minute or less. C. They decrease epinephrine in the brain's reward pathways. D. corpus callosum. B. learning to ride a bike by watching your older brother do so A. REM sleep is an active stage of sleep during which dreaming does not occur. D. Acquisition. Sleeping would be considered an example of which of the following levels of awareness? Attention She usually has several more cups throughout the day. A. more than two drinks in a row D. emotional system. True Statement (s) Drag appropriate answer (s) here The split-brain procedure is conducted only in people who have severe seizure disorders (epilepsy). D. cognitive theory of dreaming. A. stimulant C. trial-and-error learning C. It is derived from natural components of plants. Identify the true statement about controlled processes. D. It is a symptom of sleep apnea. They are most often used in suicide attempts. Every night when she goes The ability to type a text message on a cell phone without even looking at the keypad is an example of True Statement (s) Drag appropriate answer (s) here The split-brain procedure is conducted only in people who have severe seizure disorders (epilepsy). States of consciousness that require little attention and do not interfere with other ongoing activities are called "No awareness" is a state of consciousness that applies to a person who has been knocked out by a blow, anesthetized, or who has fallen into a deep, prolonged, unconscious state. A. sleepwalking and sleep talking. D. procedural memory, ________ is the activation of information that people already have in storage to help them You knew exactly B. the encoding of information for the purpose of retention and retrieval. The fact that your mother experiences headaches when she discontinues the use of caffeine is an example of C. H.M.'s procedural memory suffered the most damage. A. A. This is an example of The longer the period of REM sleep, the more likely the person will report dreaming. He closes the window so that he can no longer hear the loud music. of operant conditioning, Jennifer's behavior has most likely been learned through A. why students should study exam material over a period of days instead of hours. D. incubation. WebActivation-Synthesis Theory: Dreams are caused by random neural firings combined with memories. A. nondeclarative memory According to the American Psychological Association's Div. This is known as divided consciousness. A. She has difficulty falling asleep and awakens frequently during the night. A. Organisms learn the association between behaviors and their consequences. D. Stacey's tests are dependent on how well Stacey can retrieve previously learned information. His mother notices true. 81. Jet lag may be best explained by the C. insomnia. A. caffeine Which of the following statements is true of marijuana? Kate, a long-time coffee drinker, complains of pounding headaches and lowered mood when she D. implicit memory. B. B. Hypnosis produces a state of consciousness dissimilar to other states of consciousness. D. They are most effective in curing somnambulism and somniloquy. Garrett pulled an "all-nighter" before his chemistry exam. It also is called hypnotherapy. C. sleeping. B) It can help to cure cocaine addiction. B. conditioned stimulus/unconditioned stimulus Belinda's confusion with these B. an anxious, panicky feeling. C. They damage other people's property. attention and which should be ignored. B. following sleep apnea. after the anticipated reward is withheld. C. hypnosis involves the retention of a single state of consciousness. C. acetylcholine C. Stage 1 sleep D. REM sleep is characterized by a lack of rapid eye movement. Some bears kept in the zoo allow veterinarians to routinely give them total body checkups. C. Contiguity B. have difficulty falling asleep at the hour at which they would like. C. life experiences stimulate and shape dreaming more than the theory acknowledges. D. They interrupt others people's study or sleep. D. circadian rhythm, Jet lag may be best explained by the A. the manifest content of Homer's dream. WebAccording to hypnosis researcher Ernest Hilgard, hypnosis brings about a dissociation of consciousness into two simultaneous components. C. random neurological activity. He injected his 83. B. are slower than automatic processes. B. _______ refers to the formation of a number of different connections around a stimulus at any B. When circadian rhythms are disrupted (e.g., if we must adapt to a new time zone or have to switch from working the day shift to working the night shift), all of the major physiological functions listed above become desynchronized. C. sudden, uncontrollable urge to fall asleep. D. a placebo effect, A. removal of a psychoactive drug from diet, 98. the best subjects are people who have a reason to go under hypnosis: true or false. true. B. somnambulism. C. framing effect Night terrors typically occur true. B. B. decrease memory performance. a. personality b. contingencies of reinforcement c. trait d. defense mechanism e. inferiority complex f. self-actualization g. positive regard h. conditions of worth i. extravert j. introvert. B.narcolepsy. stimulus (US) closely in time, but it must also serve as a reliable indicator that the unconditioned ________ are frightening dreams that awaken a dreamer from REM sleep. After someone wakes up from hypnosis, he or she may have involuntary reactions to a stimulus but not remember why. 39. A. somniloquy Instead, dreams are viewed as dramatizations of general life concerns. people under hypnosis want to tell the truth: true or false. According to the Atkinson-Shiffrin theory, information can last up to a lifetime in D. unconditioned response. Hypnosis is a trance-like mental state in which people experience increased attention, concentration, and suggestibility. B. stimulants. Helen, a call center employee working in day shift, has been asked to work a night shift on Tuesday. Which of the following neurotransmitters plays an important role in addiction? before, Jacob explains the rules of the game to him. A. parallel distributed processing (PDP) very close together in time. Jennifer's end-ofsemester C. instinctive drift. D. They are most effective in curing somnambulism and somniloquy. What role does sleep play in influencing our psychological and physical health? 28. by delta waves. B. how cannibalized worms can pass on skills they had learned to the cannibals. The doctor has prescribed Xanax (a depressant drug that reduces anxiety and induces relaxation). B. Endosymbiosis Frank buys a new smartphone and tries exploring the phone's features as soon as he reaches home. B. Sophia, who began drinking at age 65 B. positive reinforcement. Blake smokes marijuana. A. inhalants. C. neutral stimulus. B. altered states of consciousness. Night terrors/ Somnambulisms A. daydreaming. A. higher-level consciousness C. schema A. non-REM sequence. The adage "When in Rome, do as the Romans do" best reflects which of the following types of Moesha is most likely suffering from D. proactive interference. Which of the following statements about classical conditioning in humans is FALSE? names may be attributed to the occurrence of Homer's therapist is displaying an interest in C. working memory. C. Hallucinogens B. controlled processes. Multiple Choice A) It is useful in controlling pain during childbirth. Identify The True And False Statements About Hypnosis. _____ involve sudden arousal from sleep and an intense physiological fear reaction (e.g., screaming, heavy breathing, and perspiration). C. modify a person's perceptual experience/slow down central-nervous-system activity C. Divided attention is the ability to maintain attention to a selected stimulus for a prolonged A. positive reinforcement the She realizes that she has put on ten pounds. __________ is the term for the conditions people must meet in order to regard themselves positively. A. Barney rapidly increases the sales of his product and ensures complete sale of his stock so B. D. theory of activation-synthesis. A. tertiary B. Physical features are analyzed in the process of shallow processing. D. epinephrine, 99. 48. A. skips her coffee in the morning. The social-cognitive-behavior view of hypnosis memory, not in explicit memory. B.Narcolepsy B. a placebo effect Which of the following statements about the effectiveness of hypnosis is FALSE? B. activation-synthesis theory of dreaming A. positive punishment. D. getting into trouble with campus or local police. A. true. Marijuana and LSD are considered to be 102. stomach enzymes. Manifest Content: The literal content of Automatic processes require little attention and do not interfere with other ongoing activities. C. caffeine C. Individuals in a hypnotic state are unreceptive to external suggestions. A. the temporary cessation of breathing during sleep. A. an organism performs a reinforced behavior in a different situation. B. A. hallucinogenic most likely You don't censor yourself or worry about spelling or grammar. C. subconscious awareness A. serotonin C. They depress the central nervous system's activity. D. depressant. B. immunosuppression In Pavlov's classic study on classical conditioning, the bell was the ________ before conditioning and B. Hypnosis produces a state of consciousness dissimilar to other states of consciousness. It acts predominantly on the neurotransmitter dopamine and has little effect on the serotonin levels. B. based on insight and generalizations. Circadian rhythms are daily behavioral and physiological cycles that regulate all vital life functions. This illustrates the concept of. A. organizing A. A. D. It is a main psychoactive ingredient of smokeless tobacco. It also is called hypnotherapy. Someone who can be hypnotized may be highly suggestible. The remaining 12 pairs of skates are marked down to 50% of the original selling price and are finally sold. D. stage 3 and stage 4. Extinction Elaine has students create for themselves? how anyone could ever get these dangerous animals to be so cooperative without anesthesia. B. hypnagogic reverie D. Hypnosis produces a state of consciousness dissimilar to other states of consciousness. C. theory of mind. _____ is characterized by myoclonic jerks and theta waves, whereas _____ are characterized by delta waves. B. sleeping. D) It confuses witnesses, who end up providing inaccurate details about a crime. B. the hypnotized person behaves the way he or she believes that a hypnotized person should behave. A. stage 1 sleep. D. psychoactivity. A. Self-actualization memories are accurate. surprised to learn that nearly all of the students she interviewed offer very detailed, vivid accounts of C. night terror The United States has the lowest rate of adolescent drug use of any industrialized nation. C. Punishment C. sensory memory/long-term memory problem's solution. Todd is scolded each time he bullies his little brother by taking away his toys. B. Hypnosis usually is done with the guidance of a health care They increase dopamine levels in the brain's reward pathways. misbehavior toward his little brother decreases. C. chunks Sleeping pills are classified as a(n) 103. Which of the following statements is true of marijuana? D. Classical conditioning can explain drug habituation. A. brain. Explain the distinction between automatic and controlled processes. A. neural activity begins with the brain. Subconscious awareness can occur when people are awake, as well as when they are sleeping and dreaming. D. Marijuana can trigger increased sensitivity to sounds, tastes, smells, and colors. 123. She says she needs the caffeine to function normally. Skill memory 29. D. hallucinogen. Hilgard's view that hypnosis involves a splitting of consciousness into two separate components, one of which follows the hypnotist's commands and the other of which acts as a "hidden observer" is known as Repeated usage of marijuana can enhance attention and memory. C. Daydreaming makes the mind completely idle and inactive. C. have a script for what happens in a restaurant. your computer for 15 minutes and write whatever comes into your head. It also is called hypnotherapy. 31. B. negative punishment. C. Leonard's friend switched his drugs in order to teach him not to use drugs by switching his A. flashbulb memory For her first lesson, her instructor models serving and backhand alarm sound. D. Margaret will have difficulty with short-term memories. The tendency of animals to revert to intuitive behavior that interferes with learning is called A. using Miller's framework for memory retrieval. Which of the following statements is true of meditation? He will find the scent and taste of tequila aversive. C. improve test scores. WebIdentify the true and false statements about hypnosis. A. in an altered state of consciousness. A. generalization. She spends most of the day thinking how she is going to make the payments. D. Being anesthetized. C. He will want to drink more tequila right away. They increase epinephrine in the brain's reward pathways. Moesha has been feeling very stressed about an important project at work. D. sleep apnea. The two hemispheres can no longer relay information back and forth. The next day, the baby's mother brings home some pink flowers. C. They damage other people's property. View B. stage 5 and stage 6 D. valium, 100. B. sudden uncontrollable seizures. B. episodic A. stimulants. D.They are considered to be conscious behaviors. D. circadian theory. . Which of the following regions of the brain are involved in meditation? Which of the following is true of a fixed-ratio schedule in operant conditioning? The biological cycle that regulates our pattern of sleep is called D. reorganizing information that exceeds the 7 plus or minus 2 rule into smaller more C. Individuals normally spend about 20 percent of sleep in light sleep. A. altered states of consciousness. D. hippocampus and hypothalamus. B. REM sleep is an active stage of sleep during which dreaming does not occur. B. long-term memory/short-term memory Alcohol decreases the concentration of the neurotransmitter gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA), which is widely distributed in many brain areas. Meditation B. stimulants. D. semantic memory/episodic memory, Which of the following involves memory for skills? B. narcolepsy Jose's employer pays him every other Friday. C. They improve memory retention. C. attention, retention, motor reproduction, and reinforcement ________ has to do with a lot of people can be hypnotized: true or false. A. require lower levels of attention than controlled processes. Extinction 3. D. spontaneous recovery, Watson and Rayner used ________ along with an unconditional stimulus in order to condition fear in B. Synergy D. acquisition, extinction, generalization, and discrimination, . B. strongly increase Although you had never been to the Fancy Foods Restaurant in your town, you weren't at all Her biological clock has become desynchronized. C. Martha improves her grades in English and Math so that her mom can take her shopping as A. procedural memory D. the bell had become a conditioned response. C. Aaron, who began drinking at age 12 with the neighborhood kids B. self-actualization 30 ( Society of Psychological Hypnosis ), hypnosis is a procedure during which a health professional or researcher suggests while treating someone, that he or she experience changes in sensations, perceptions, thoughts or behavior. D. somnambulism. C. best explained by the concept of instinctive drift and positive reinforcement. What type of long-term memory has primarily Why do psychoactive drugs make people feel good? brain's activities. It occurs usually due to the use of sleeping pills. A. Barbiturates D. intermediary, ________ is considered a secondary rienforcer. It induces images that are sometimes pleasurable and sometimes grotesque. A. getting hurt Altered states of consciousness are mental states that are noticeably different from normal awareness (e.g., sleeping or dreaming). C. The divided-consciousness view of hypnosis 87. C. Hypnosis is a commonly used technique for treating problems such as overeating, diabetes, and smoking. A pig shoves an object on the ground instead of learning to carry it in his mouth. D. Water. Moesha has been feeling very stressed about an important project at work. B. dopamine If so, are there distinctions between REM and non-REM dreams? Which of the following structures of memory is autobiographical? A. theory of mechanism. C. pain complementary consciousness. The most widely used stimulants in the world are _____ and _____. B. cueing. A. Stacey's tests are based on recall. D. They involve individuals actively focusing their efforts toward a goal. B. wake up earlier than desired, sometimes several times a night. B. dreams are random. Which of the following is the main reason that hampers the use of rehearsal as a tool for retaining ________ is a situation in which material that was learned later disrupts the retrieval of If Gary described his dream to a psychotherapist, the therapist would tell him that what he had dreamed about was his fear of financial issues and not being able to pay all his bills. B. fixed-ratio A. sleep apnea. C. William James's theory A. involves mechanically repeating information, without imparting meaning to it.It B. occurs when information that was retained in memory comes out of storage. D) It confuses witnesses, who end up providing inaccurate details about a crime. You, The contestant starts singing with confidence even though she has never sung publicly before. B. pink flower. She usually has several more cups B. dramatic changes in environmental stimuli. where they were and what they were doing when they first learned of the terrorist attacks. D. preparedness. B. Jennifer's tests have poorer retrieval cues than Stacey's tests. D. broca's area and the hypothalamus, A. the basal ganglia and prefrontal cortex. D. inhalant, 78. Tranquilizers and alcohol are Your knowledge of the alphabet and multiplication tables is most likely to be stored in your B. the parietal lobes of the brain are involved in both retrospective memory and prospective Tranquilizers, sedatives, and opiates all belong to the category of _____ drugs. D. are a certified psychic. Since then, she has had immense difficulty in communicating with others. A. sensory memory B. dreaming. 77. What is the most common negative consequence that binge-drinking college students create for intermediate processing. C. Dreams are viewed as dramatizations of general life concerns that are similar to relaxed daydreams under the cognitive theory. C. The EEG pattern for REM sleep shows slow waves similar to those of stage 3 sleep. D. They push or assault others. A. the basal ganglia and prefrontal cortex A. C. cognitive theory of dreaming ________, such as Valium, are depressant drugs that reduce anxiety and induce relaxation. B. conceptualization. The cerebellum and ________ play an important role in implicit memory.
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