Home; infection rate; Synonyms for infection rate. epidemic the occurrence of more cases of disease, injury, or other health condition than expected in a given area or among a specific group of persons during a particular period. The rate at which an individual, tissue, or organ grows over time. rated the film PG13; rated the bonds at junk level. Usually, one variable represents a health outcome, and one represents an exposure or personal characteristic. reservoir the habitat in which an infectious agent normally lives, grows, and multiplies, which can include humans, animals, or the environment. The comparison group provides an estimate of the background or expected incidence of disease (in a cohort study) or exposure (in a case-control study). Isolation refers to separation of ill persons; quarantine refers to separation of potentially exposed but well persons. outlier a value substantively or statistically different from all (or approximately all) of the other values in a distribution. ( ( , , . median the measure of central location that divides a set of data into two equal parts, above and below which lie an equal number of values (see also measure of central location). Mesoendemic An endemic disease with a moderate rate of infection. association the statistical relation between two or more events, characteristics, or other variables. Log in. The number of heartbeats per unit of time that can be detected by palpating any accessible artery. neonatal mortality rate see mortality rate, neonatal. Search infection rate and thousands of other words in English definition and synonym dictionary from Reverso. race/ethnic-specific mortality rate see mortality rate, race/ethnic-specific. hypothesis a supposition, arrived at from observation or reflection, that leads to refutable predictions; any conjecture cast in a form that will allow it to be tested and refuted. decision tree a branching chart that represents the logical sequence or pathway of a clinical or public health decision. heart rate or heart rhythm problems, chest pain or discomfort, pain or tingling in the hands or feet, and fatigue. study, analytic a study, usually observational, in which groups are compared to identify and quantify associations, test hypotheses, and identify causes. P value the probability of observing an association between two variables or a difference between two or more groups as large or larger than that observed, if the null hypothesis were true. prospective study see study, prospective. age-specific mortality rate see mortality rate, age-specific. NOTE: Effective February 1, 2023, the Coronavirus Tracker has switched from LIVE to Daily Updates. contact exposure to a source of an infection; a person who has been exposed. The alternative is adopted if the null hypothesis (see also hypothesis, null) proves implausible. proportion a ratio in which the numerator is included in the denominator; the ratio of a part to the whole, expressed as a decimal fraction (e.g., 0 2), a fraction (1/5), or a percentage (20%). We study 5,916 people who have Escherichia urinary tract infection or Peak expiratory flow rate decreased. study, prospective an analytic study in which participants are enrolled before the health outcome of interest has occurred. chain of infection the progression of an infectious agent that leaves its reservoir or host through a portal of exit, is conveyed by a mode of transmission, and then enters through an appropriate portal of entry to infect a susceptible host. standard deviation a statistical summary of how dispersed the values of a variable are around its mean, calculated as the square root of the variance. mode the most frequently occurring value in a set of observations (see also measure of central location). Analytic epidemiology uses comparison groups to provide baseline or expected values so that associations between exposures and outcomes can be quantified and hypotheses about the cause of the problem can be tested (see also study, analytic). The fishing line is rated for 30 pounds. risk ratio a measure of association that quantifies the association between an exposure and a health outcome from an epidemiologic study, calculated as the ratio of incidence proportions of two groups. It increases, for example, in hyperthyroidism. class limits the values at the upper and lower ends of a class interval. Sometimes distinguished from an epidemic as more localized, or the term less likely to evoke public panic (see also epidemic). This value is usually expressed as deaths per 100,000 live births plus stillbirths. {\displaystyle \lambda } is given by: where symptom any indication of disease noticed or felt by a patient. phylogenetic tree a branching chart that indicates the evolutionary lineage or genetic relatedness of organisms. the speed or frequency with which an event or circumstance occurs per unit of time, population, or other standard of comparison. noun an act or fact of infecting; state of being infected. The film was rated excellent by 90 per cent of children. study, cohort an observational analytic study in which enrollment is based on status of exposure to a certain factor or membership in a certain group. mortality rate, infant the mortality rate for children aged <1 year, calculated as the number of deaths reported among this age group during a given period divided by the number of live births reported during the same period, and expressed per 1,000 live births. tion rate This thesaurus page is about all possible synonyms, equivalent, same meaning and similar words for the term infection rate. URI: abbreviation for upper respiratory infection. is directly proportional to Data points are plotted at the midpoints of the intervals and are connected with straight lines. A nonspecific laboratory test used as a marker of inflammation. Using the term to describe the person rather than the health condition is discouraged (see also case-patient). transmission, vehicleborne transmission of an agent by an inanimate object; considered a type of indirect transmission; includes foodborne and waterborne transmission. {\displaystyle \lambda } scale, ratio a measurement scale consisting of quantitative categories whose values are intervals with a true zero point (e.g., height in centimeters or duration of illness). Best synonyms for 'rate of infection' are 'infection rate', 'incidence rate' and 'morbidity rate'. Good synonyms? Go Above And Beyond With This Prepositions Quiz! The normal range is between 120 and 160 beats per minute. {\displaystyle A} x-axis the horizontal axis of a rectangular graph, usually displaying the independent variable (e.g., time). graph a visual display of quantitative data arranged on a system of coordinates. outbreak, common-source an outbreak that results from persons being exposed to the same harmful influence (e.g., an infectious agent or toxin). All content on this website, including dictionary, thesaurus, literature, geography, and other reference data is for informational purposes only. syndromic surveillance see surveillance, syndromic. confidence limits the end points (i.e., the minimum and maximum values) of a confidence. Until the beginning of 2010, the worm had managed to crash 20% of Iran's functioning centrifuges for uranium enrichment, setting back the country's nuclear program with 2 years. Diseases of the cardiovascular system may be diagnosed . Search. One of the many measures is the closure of schools which concomitantly implied that other innovative strategies to the delivery of subject matter to students while they remain at home be employed in order to . The purpose is to examine rate of change instead of amount of change only. Synonym: Retina Degeneration. Most didn't develop a fever. Incidence rate is calculated as the number of new cases over a specified period divided either by the average population (usually mid-period) or by the cumulative person-time the population was at risk. Synonyms for INFECTED: poisoned, septic, tainted, polluted, invaded, contaminated, spoilt, affected, afflicted, defiled, soiled, corrupted; Antonyms for INFECTED . map, area (shaded, choropleth) a visual display of the geographic pattern of a health problem, in which a marker is placed on a map to indicate where each affected person lives, works, or might have been exposed. vector a living intermediary that carries an agent from a reservoir to a susceptible host (see also transmission, biologic and transmission, mechanical) (e.g., mosquitoes, fleas, or ticks). cause-specific mortality rate see mortality rate, cause-specific. Among countries with both high vaccination rates and high rates of Covid-19 infection, most rely on vaccines made in China, a CNBC analysis shows. While in Indonesia the infant mortality rate due to infection of Caput succedaneum in 2013 amounted to 11% from 35 per 1000 live births. Math is a way of determining the relationships between numbers, shapes, and . Synonyms contamination, infection, corruption, pollution, taint 0 votes. phrases. A rate an expression of the relative frequency with which an event occurs among a defined population per unit of time, calculated as the number of new cases or deaths during a specified period divided by either person-time or the average (midinterval) population. Reducing such a factor among a population should reduce occurrence of the disease. A census the enumeration of an entire population, usually including details on residence, age, sex, occupation, racial/ethnic group, marital status, birth history, and relationship to the head of household. (since rate is 1/time). mechanical transmission see transmission, mechanical. portal of entry a pathway into the host that gives an agent access to tissue that will allow it to multiply or act. We take your privacy seriously. From Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: The speed or frequency of occurrence of an event, usually expressed with respect to time or some other known standard. Emma Thorne Drugs used to target HER2-positive invasive breast cancer may also be successful in treating women in the first stages of the disease, researchers at The University of arbovirus any of a group of viruses that are transmitted between hosts by mosquitoes, ticks, and other arthropods. predictive value positive the proportion of cases identified by a test, reported by a surveillance system, or classified by a case definition that are true cases, calculated as the number of true-positives divided by the number of true-positives plus false-positives. The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has had great societal and health consequences. Solve Now. But some types of genital HPV can cause cancer of the . transmission (of infection) any mode or mechanism by which an infectious agent is spread to a susceptible host. portal of exit a pathway by which an agent can leave its host. The number of cases per year of certain diseases in relation to the size of the population in which they occur. You can review and change the way we collect information below. . See how your sentence looks with different synonyms. The time it takes for someone with an infection to start showing symptoms. "prevalence rates" and "rate of prevalence" Yes, I agree. Etiology Toxoplasmosis Caused by the protozoa Toxoplasma gondii, an obligate intracellular parasite Horizontal transmission: Exposure to contaminated cat feces Eating infected raw meat Vertical transmission: ITS THE MASS DEATH. mortality rate, postneonatal the mortality rate for children from age 28 days up to, but not including, 1 year. clinical disease a disease that has been manifested by its symptoms and features. dose-response association between an exposure and health outcome that varies in a consistently increasing or decreasing fashion as the amount of exposure (dose) increases. class interval the span of values of a continuous variable that are grouped into a single category (see also class), usually to create a frequency distribution for that variable. rate (redirected from infection rate) Also found in: Dictionary, Thesaurus, Legal, Financial, Encyclopedia . cohort, birth a group of persons born during a particular period or year. A record represents data related to a single case. normal curve the bell-shaped curve that results when a normal distribution is graphed. Seizure. an abnormal state caused by contact with harmful organisms (such as bacteria or viruses), Post more words for infection to Facebook, Share more words for infection on Twitter. The rate at which hair grows can be agonisingly slow. host a person or other living organism that is susceptible to or harbors an infectious agent under natural conditions. The denominator is the number of persons with the condition; the numerator is the number of cause-specific deaths among those persons. Cohort studies can be either prospective or retrospective. passive surveillance see surveillance, passive. The metabolic rate as measured 12 hr after eating, after a restful sleep, with no exercise or activity preceding testing, with elimination of emotional excitement, and at a comfortable temperature. person-time the amount of time each participant in a cohort study is observed and disease-free, often summed to provide the denominator for a person-time rate. Dictionary, Encyclopedia and Thesaurus - The Free Dictionary. skewed a distribution that is not symmetrical. infection contagion, contamination, corruption, defilement, poison, pollution, septicity, virus English Collins Dictionary - English synonyms & Thesaurus See also: inflection, injection, infectious, infect Collaborative Dictionary English Thesaurus payday loan n. box plot a visual display that summarizes data by using a box and whiskers format to indicate the minimum and maximum values (ends of the whiskers), interquartile range (length of the box), and median (line through the box). mortality rate, crude a mortality rate from all causes of death for an entire population, without adjustment. Comment le classeriez-vous sur une chelle de un 10? Historic example of death rates (per 100,000) for leading causes of death for men aged 2544 years. antibody any of a variety of proteins in the blood that are produced in response to an antigen as an immune response. trial, community an experimental study that uses data from communities. study, experimental a study in which the investigator specifies the type of exposure for each person (clinical trial) or community (community trial) then follows the persons or communities health status to determine the effects of the exposure. Saving Lives, Protecting People, Principles of Epidemiology in Public Health Practice, Third Edition, Deputy Director for Public Health Science and Surveillance, Center for Surveillance, Epidemiology, and Laboratory Services, Division of Scientific Education and Professional Development, U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. Of the multiple ways to define central tendency, the most common are the mean, median, and mode. A confirmed case is "a person with laboratory confirmation of COVID-19 infection" as the World Health Organization (WHO) explains. Despite the availability of vaccines, infection rates remain high due to immune evasive Omicron sublineages. Unit-specific infection control data showed that VRE infections decreased by 70% (n = 33 before and n = 10 after) in a 19-month period after the intervention. case, source the case or instance of a patient responsible for transmitting infection to others; the instance of a patient who gives rise to an outbreak or epidemic. exposure having come into contact with a cause of, or possessing a characteristic that is a determinant of, a particular health problem. The number of maternal deaths in 1 year from puerperal causes (such as those associated with pregnancy, childbirth, and the puerperium) within 42 days after delivery divided by the number of live births in that same year. experimental study see study, experimental. applied epidemiology see epidemiology, applied. Epidemics of Omicron and influenza have both contributed to those high mortality levels in late 2022. zoonosis an infectious disease that is transmissible from animals to humans. The literature provides no clear guidance on how best to prevent pin-site infection following orthopaedic surgery, Infection Management & Environmental Plan, Infection Prevention & Control Department, Infection Surveillance and Control Program, Infections with a predominantly sexual mode of transmission. Similarly, a person who does not have the disease but who nonetheless fits the case definition, or a patient or outbreak erroneously identified by a surveillance system. contact, direct exposure or transmission of an agent from a source to a susceptible host through touching (e.g., from a human host by kissing, sexual intercourse, or skin-to-skin contact) or from touching an infected animal or contaminated soil or vegetation. bar chart a visual display in which each category of a variable is represented by a bar or column bar charts are used to illustrate variations in size among categories. an infecting with germs of disease, as through the medium of infected insects, air, water, or clothing. population the total number of inhabitants of a geographic area or the total number of persons in a particular group (e.g., the number of persons engaged in a certain occupation). to estimate the value or worth of; appraise: to rate a student's class performance. proportionate mortality the proportion of deaths among a population attributable to a particular cause during a selected period. In other words, Thank you for taking the time to confirm your preferences. observational study see study, observational. 1 vote. life expectancy a statistical projection of the average number of years a person of a given age is expected to live, if current mortality rates continue to apply. an infecting agency or influence. outcome(s) any or all of the possible results that can stem from exposure to a causal factor or from preventive or therapeutic interventions; all identified changes in health status that result from the handling of a health problem. study, observational a study in which the investigator observes rather than influences exposure and disease among participants. I want to change some dollars into francs what is the rate of exchange? sample a selected subset of a population a sample can be random or nonrandom and representative or nonrepresentative. The fascinating story behind many people's favori Can you handle the (barometric) pressure? To save this word, you'll need to log in. . Demonstrates appropriate hand washing techniques to ensure proper infection control and follows universal precautions. This information should not be considered complete, up to date, and is not intended to be used in place of a visit, consultation, or advice of a legal, medical, or any other professional. Synonyms & Similar Words Relevance virus germ disease epidemic attack contagion contagious disease contagium plague illness Pandemic When a new disease spreads to many countries around the world. The number of births per year per 1000 women between ages 15 and 44 in a given population. Delivered to your inbox! antonyms. NHANES The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, a representative survey of the civilian, noninstitutionalized US population conducted by the National Center for Health Statistics, designed to (1) estimate the proportion of the US population and designated groups with selected disease and risk factors; (2) monitor trends in selected behaviors, exposures, and diseases; and (3) study the associations among diet, nutrition, and health. Synonyms for Rates of infection.Retrieved July 10, 2021, from https://www.classicthesaurus.com/rates_of_infection/synonyms cumulative frequency curve a plot of the cumulative frequency rather than the actual frequency for each class interval of a variable. the relative values of the currencies of two or more countries. transmission, biologic indirect transmission by a vector in which the infectious agent undergoes biologic changes inside the vector as part of its life cycle before it is transmitted to the host (see also transmission, mechanical). attack rate, secondary a measure of the frequency of new cases of a disease among the contacts of known patients. the most highly rated player in English football, in those crowded streets he wouldn't rate a second glance, it must rate as one of the most boring films around. risk the probability that an event will occur (e.g., that a person will be affected by, or die from, an illness, injury, or other health condition within a specified time or age span). We used mRNA display under a reprogrammed genetic code to find a spike-targeting macrocyclic peptide that . Data as of December 2022 and NOTE: dose response & no vaxxKeep in mind that wherever there has been elevated COVID vaccine rates, there are elevated excess infections and In this case, point-source outbreak see outbreak, point-source. Cookies used to track the effectiveness of CDC public health campaigns through clickthrough data. Don't be surprised if none of them want the spotl One goose, two geese. notifiable disease a disease that, by law, must be reported to public health authorities upon diagnosis. percentile a set of cut points used to divide a distribution or a set of ranked data into 100 parts of equal area with each interval between the points containing 1/100 or 1% of the observations. cause, component a factor that contributes to a sufficient cause (see also cause, sufficient). Found 2 synonyms 1. infection rate 2. It is used as a test of airway obstruction. You want to reject this entry: please give us your comments (bad translation/definition, duplicate entries), English Portuguese translation in context, Free: Learn English, French and other languages, Reverso Documents: translate your documents online, Learn English watching your favourite videos. discrete variable (or data) see variable (or data), discrete. survey a systematic canvassing of persons to collect information, often from a representative sample of the population. prevalence the number or proportion of cases or events or attributes among a given population. [1] Because it takes account of susceptibility it can be used to compare the rate of transmission between different groups of the population for the same infectious disease, or even between different infectious diseases. {\displaystyle \lambda } The rate of utilization of energy. Antiviral therapy and cesarean delivery (CD) improve clinical outcomes. agent a factor (e.g., a microorganism or chemical substance) or form of energy whose presence, excessive presence, or in the case of deficiency diseases, relative absence is essential for the occurrence of a disease or other adverse health outcome. ; Quelle note lui donneriez-vous sur 10?. relative risk a general term for measures of association calculated from the data in a two-by-two table, including risk ratio, rate ratio, and odds ratio (see also risk ratio). Infection control and hospital epidemiology are akin to public health practice, practiced within the confines of a particular health-care delivery system rather than directed at society as a whole.Infection control addresses factors related to the spread of infections within the healthcare setting, whether among patients, from patients to staff, . cluster an aggregation of cases of a disease, injury, or other health condition (particularly cancer and birth defects) in a circumscribed area during a particular period without regard to whether the number of cases is more than expected (often the expected number is not known). contribucin municipal, impuestos municipales, , . The exposure period can be brief or can extend over days, weeks, or longer, with the exposure being either intermittent or continuous. surveillance, active public health surveillance in which the health agency solicits reports. The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has impelled many countries all over the world to institute sweeping measures to help reduce infection rates and ultimately its utter elimination. contingency table a two-variable table of cross-tabulated data. Test your knowledge - and maybe learn something along the way. incubation period the time interval from exposure to an infectious agent to the onset of symptoms of an infectious disease. clinical criteria the medical features (e.g., symptoms, medical examination findings, and laboratory results) that are used in a case definition. source (of infection) the person, animal, object, or substance from which an infectious agent is transmitted to a host. health information system a combination of health statistics from different sources. For example, the 5th percentile is a cut point with 5% of the observations below it and the remaining 95% above it. indirect transmission see transmission, indirect. outbreak the occurrence of more cases of disease, injury, or other health condition than expected in a given area or among a specific group of persons during a specific period. forest plot a graph that displays the point estimates and confidence intervals of individual studies included in a meta-analysis or systematic review as a series of parallel lines. mortality rate, race/ethnic-specific a mortality rate limited to a specified racial or ethnic group both numerator and denominator are limited to that group. bar chart, grouped a bar chart displaying quantities of two variables, represented by adjoining bars or columns (i.e., a group) of categories of one variable, separated by space between groups. A normal resting heart rate for an adult is 60100 beats per minute. Surgical site infection rate in India has varies from 2.5% to 41.9%. A white blood cell (WBC) count measures the number of white blood cells in a sample of blood. incidence proportion the fraction of persons with new cases of illness, injury, or other health condition during a specified period, calculated as the number of new cases divided by the size of the population at the start of the study period (see also attack rate). One moose, two moose. It is a major global health problem. the condition of suffering an infection. trend movement or change in frequency over time, usually upwards or downwards. What is the rate of alcoholism in the USA compared to other countries in the world. The investigator specifies the type of exposure for each community and then follows the communities health status to determine the effects of the exposure. 2023 Reverso-Softissimo. A safe and effective vaccine that offers 98% to 100% protection against hepatitis B is available. PPE PPE Stands for personal protective equipment. efficiency the ability of an intervention or program to produce the intended or expected results with a minimum expenditure of time and resources. attributable risk percent see proportion, attributable. It is used to measure the frequency of The neonatal mortality rate is usually expressed per 1,000 live births.
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